1) REQUIRED: BASIC FEMA COURSES
Kinship Circle Disaster Animal Response Team is a network of volunteers responsible for their own training and certifications. The 6 online FEMA courses listed directly below are required to deploy with Kinship Circle.
SUGGESTED — ADDITIONAL FEMA COURSES
GENERAL LINKS TO FEMA STUDY PROGRAM
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2) REQUIRED: ANIMAL DISASTER TRAINING
Kinship Circle does not endorse a particular organization — but does require animal disaster certification with at least one of the programs listed below. Each offers varied degrees of training with nationwide workshops and online certification.
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3) REQUIRED: FIRST AID, CPR-AED OR ECC
Kinship Circle responders must maintain current certification in CPR-AED from the Red Cross or American Heart Association. Animal first aid and CPR are highly recommended as well.
RESOURCES TO SAVE AN ANIMAL’S LIFE
CPR STEPS FOR ANIMALS
▪ PRINT flyer, 2.4mb jpg
▪ PRINT flyer, 4.4mb pdf
In memory of Ethel, a 1.5 year old puppy smashed dead by a reckless driver. A golden girl who falls asleep with her head draped over one shoulder, unusually warm…like melted butter against my heart.
Ethel Jolene
Sassypants Super Model
Born 8/1/10
Killed 2/2/12
➜IF ANIMAL IS NOT BREATHING
- a. Do not remove water from lungs if drowning.
Water does not obstruct CPR. Removal attempts may cause damage.
b. Try Heimlich Maneuver when all else has failed.
- If animal obviously choking, do Heimlich Maneuver.
- Otherwise, check if breathing. Even if unconscious, check for shallow breathing. If yes go no further.
- Straighten neck
— only if no trauma or break to neck.
- Do not try to check pulse, unless you know exactly where to find it.
Valuable time may be lost. No longer recommended by lay persons for human victims (see CPR and also American Hearth Association Journals).
- Straighten tongue if doubled back,
protecting self from reflexive bite (even if animal unconscious).
- Clear breathing passageways:
Do not do a blind finger sweep. Look in mouth. Clear out mucus, phlegm or vomit. Remove visible blockage carefully (don’t push in further). Animals have a bone deep in throat at base of tongue (hyoid apparatus or Adam’s apple) that can be mistaken for blockage. Tugging on this can cause grave damage.
- To avoid bite by an unconscious animal:
Place a roll of tape or something soft on one side of the mouth before reaching in. Animals may bite down even when unconscious.
- If breathing, do not go further.
- Breathing mouth to snout or using cupped hand:
Close animal’s mouth and breathe gently but firmly into nose (with mouth directly over nose or using air tight cupped hand). Chest should rise and fall with each breath. After each breath, release your mouth to let lungs deflate.
▪ If nose is congested: Hold nose shut with one finger.
Blow into mouth holding sides of mouth air tight as possible.
▪ If breath still does not go through: Do Heimlich Maneuver.
- Breaths should be 1 per every 2-3 seconds
or 20-30 breaths per minute. Amount of air must fit the size of animal — just enough for chest to rise and fall.
- If animal breathes, do not continue.
Further forced breathing or CPR could hurt animal.
- If not breathing, repeat process until a passage is clear.
A passage must be clear for breathing/chest compression (CPR) cycle to be successful.
➜BEGIN CPR CYCLE ON ANIMAL
2 BREATHS (1 every 2 seconds — based on size)
+ 5 COMPRESSIONS (in about 2-3 seconds)
- DO 2 BREATHS + 5 RIB CAGE COMPRESSIONS:
Animal should lie on his or her right side.
Put heel of one hand (fingers for small animal) on rib cage where middle of foreleg touches chest when folded.
RATE: Do 2 breaths (1 every 2 seconds) + 5 compressions (in about 2-3 seconds).
- Be aware of size of animal while doing compressions: You are massaging the heart, not pushing it out of place.
- If you feel pulse return: Continue with breaths only until the animal breathes on his or her own.
- Or continue breathing and chest compression until signs of life or self breathing.
▪ PRINT CPR STEPS FOR ANIMALS as flyer — 2.4mb JPG
▪ PRINT CPR STEPS FOR ANIMALS as flyer — 4.4mb PDF
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4) REQUIRED: PERSONAL VACCINATIONS
The following vaccinations are advised for all disaster animal responders — with some mandatory for overseas deployments. Please stay current on basic vacs. Kinship Circle will inform you of vaccinations pertinent to a specific region and disaster. Always see a health-care provider or Travel Medicine Clinic before international deployment.
CLICK HERE to find a travel medicine clinic near you.
- DPT — Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus
- MMR — Measles, Mumps, Rubella
- Polio
- Hepatitis A10 — More common; transmitted
via flood sewage
- Hepatitis B11 — Spread via bodily fluids, blood
- Typhoid — If in SE Asia or regions with known outbreak
- Rabies Pre-Exposure Immunization — Doesn’t replace post-bite rabies shots, but buys time to reach medical facility.
- H1N1
- Flu
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FYI: PERSONAL SUPPLIES CHECKLIST
This is a comprehensive checklist that should be modified to suit disaster zone destination, weather conditions, medical concerns, visa and passport, etc.
▪ PRINT VOLUNTEER DEPLOYMENT CHECKLIST AS FLYER
TO-DO LIST FOR INT’L DEPLOYMENT
❑ CELL PHONE: Activate int’l calling with your provider.
❑ ELECTRICAL ADAPTORS: Research specifications in
disaster-hit country to see if you need to buy plug
adaptors to operate devices such as laptop, phone charger
personal items…
List of Countries & Plug Adapters Required
❑ INTERNET COMMUNICATION: Determine if internet
requires adapative device such as a USB AIRCARD or
WI-FI UNIT with SIM CARD programmed for destination
country. Discuss team purchase with Kinship Circle.
❑ DOWNLOAD SKYPE: Kinship Circle meets with team
members pre and during deployments via Skype, free long
distance on your laptop. If you have Skype, send request
to Kinship Circle to be added as a contact. If not,
download Skype free version.
❑ PASSPORT: You need a CURRENT passport that is
valid at least 6 months after your travel date.
❑ VISA: Contact your regional consular office for destination
country to find out if and what type entry visa is required.
Do not apply for visa before consulting Kinship Circle for
protocol related to a specific country ⁄ disaster zone.
• Find Foreign Consular Offices in the USA
• Find Foreign Consulates If You Are Not U.S. Citizen
❑ DRIVER’S LICENSES — INTERNATIONAL & LOCAL: You
are required to carry at all times both an international
driver’s license and a driver’s license from your home
state ⁄ province.
Find Triple AAA offices near you to easily
obtain an international driver’s license.
❑ VACCINATIONS: Ensure routine vaccinations are
current. Before travel, go to a Travel Medicine Clinic
for vacs and antibiotics needed for destination country.
❑ CURRENCY EXCHANGE: ATMS are in most major cities
abroad. Always travel with money for emergencies,
meals, gas, etc. Visit your local bank for
cash conversion. Use a currency converter to find out
exchange rate for destination country.
❑ CALLING CODES: Find codes to dial internationally from
your home country to the disaster-hit country. Or vice-versa,
to call from disaster-hit country to USA, etc. CLICK HERE for
int’l country codes + city and cellular codes, phone books.
❑ CULTURAL ETIQUETTE, WEATHER, ETC: There are many
details relevant to deployment abroad. Kinship Circle only
conducts int’l animal aid when aligned with animal NGOs in
the disaster-stricken country. For more information about
cultural etiquette; weather conditions; health-food safety;
animal policies…begin with embassy websites:
• Find embassy for disaster-hit country, in your country.
• Find your country’s embassy in the disaster-hit country.
VOLUNTEER PACKING CHECKLIST
FIRST AID KIT
❑ Band-Aid Activ-Flex Adhesive Bandages
❑ Band-Aid Tough-Strips Bandages, Extra Large
❑ UltraHeal Multi-Day Dressing 2-3⁄4in x 3-1⁄2in
❑ Band-Aid Advanced Healing Blister, Cushions
Mole Skin (to ease blisters)
❑ Sports Tape Roll, 1.5in x 360in
❑ Gauze Roll and Gauze Pads
❑ Q-Tips, Cotton Swabs
❑ Hydrogen Peroxide Pump Spray 4-oz first aid kit size
❑ Iodine Pump Spray 4-oz first aid kit size
❑ Rubbing Alcohol Pump Spray 4-oz first aid kit size
❑ Neosporin Plus Pain Relief, Maximum Strength
First Aid Antibiotic Cream
❑ Aquaphor Healing Ointment
❑ Imodium Advanced Multi-Symptom Relief Caplets
❑ Small Scissors
❑ Pure Saline Solution For Eye Flush
❑ Ibuprofin, Advil, Tylenol (nonprescription pain med)
❑ Electrolyte Powder Drink Packs, Such As:
Gatorade G2 Powder Sticks
Gatorade Perform 02 Powder Packets G
PERSONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
❑ Personal Prescription & Over-Counter Medications
❑ Hand Sanitizer Flip Top Bottle
❑ Sterile Baby Wipes
❑ Antibacterial Body Wash
❑ Vicks Petroleum Jelly (under nose to mute smells)
❑ Skin Insect Repellent With:
DEET, Picaridin (KBR 3023), Oil of Lemon
Eucalyptus/PMD, or IR3535
❑ Permethrin-Containing Insect Repellent For:
Netting, Linens, Indoor Settings, Clothes
❑ Mosquito net
❑ Sun Block SPF 30
❑ Sun Protection Hat
❑ Lip Balm With Sun Block
❑ Hydrocortisone 1% Anti-Itch Cream
❑ Eye Protection: Sunglasses, Goggles
❑ Eye Moisture Drops (Aqua Tears)
❑ Contact Lenses (Disposable For Toxic Settings)
Storage-Sterilization Solution, Case
Eyeglasses & Neck Rope For Sun/Eyeglasses
❑ Disposable Surgical Masks
❑ Disposable Latex Gloves
❑ Baby Powder, Athlete Foot Powder (for humidity)
❑ Ear Plugs
❑ Knee Pads
❑ Toilet paper ⁄ Feminine Pads
❑ Towels, Wash Cloths, Bed Sheets
❑ Personal Toiletries: Soap, Shampoo, Conditioner,
Brush/Comb, Hand Lotion, Hair Bands ⁄ Clips,
Deodorant, Toothbrush ⁄ Paste, Small Hand Mirror…
CLOTHING, FOOTWEAR
❑ 2-3 Kinship Circle Disaster Animal Response Tee Shirts
❑ Soft Backpack (day trips and on plane)
❑ Light Sturdy Long Sleeve Shirts
❑ Jeans, Scrubs, Cargo Pants
❑ Long Light Socks, Extra Socks (Wick-Dry®)
❑ Cotton Underwear
Steel Toe Water Resistant Work Boots
❑ Hip Waders Or Wading Boots
❑ Change Of Shoes (comfortable shoes)
❑ Shower Shoe (rubber thong)
❑ Rain Gear
❑ Bandanas
❑ Belt And Fanny Pack (to hang small gear)
❑ Waterproof Watch
Bite-Proof Gloves (thick work glove, durable)
❑ Hardhat Or Helmet
❑ Coat, Jacket Or Hooded Pullover (if cold)
❑ GORE-TEX® Thinsulate Breathable Wear
COMMUNICATION, ELECTRONICS, NAVIGATION
❑ Cell Phone And Charger
❑ Laptop, Power Cord, USB Aircard, WI-FI Unit & SIM Card
(as needed)
❑ Small And Large Flashlights
❑ Batteries
Camera, Charger, USB Cord To Upload Photos
❑ Notepad, Pens, Permanent Markers
❑ Soft Back Journal
❑ Maps Related To Deployment Area
❑ GPS Programmed For Region
❑ Translation Dictionary Or Electronic Translation App
SELF-SUSTAINING AND FIELD GEAR
❑ Tent (2 person, 4 if possible)
❑ Sleeping Bag, Sleeping Pad, Air Mattress Or Cot
❑ Space Blanket, Pillow
❑ Spare Tarp
❑ Swiss Army Knife
❑ Rope, Bungee Cords (various sizes), Carabiners
❑ Zip Ties, Cable Ties
❑ Carabiners
❑ Duct Tape, Flagging Tape
❑ Safety Pins
❑ Superglue (if no suture kit)
❑ Mess Kit, Utensils (fork, spoon, knife, cup)
❑ 5 Gallon Fold-A-Carrier (folding water bag)
❑ Matches (strike anywhere type)
❑ Chlorox Bleach
❑ Dish Soap, Laundry Soap, Pot Scrubber
❑ Camelbak(R) All Clear UV Water Purifier
❑ Water Purification Tablets
❑ MRE-Type Camping Meals
❑ Non-Perishable Snacks (granola/power bars)
❑ Vegans/Vegetarians: Protein Bars
❑ Multi-Vitamins
❑ Electrolyte Drink Powder Packets
❑ Peanut Butter (for consumption or dog traps as needed)
❑ Chewing Gum, Lifesavers (mouth moist when no water)
❑ Salt Tablets
ANIMAL-RELATED ITEMS
❑ SLIP LEADS (there are never enough!)
❑ Animal Meds, Vaccines
Ask for donations from veterinarians
❑ Flat Collars
❑ Write-On Snap Collars For ID
❑ Catchpoles
❑ Bite Gloves, Gauntlet Gloves
❑ Collapsible Crates (that can pack for air travel)
❑ Vet Wrap
❑ Any Veterinary Diagnostic, Treatment…Items Able To Pack
▪ PRINT VOLUNTEER DEPLOYMENT CHECKLIST AS FLYER
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COUNTY, STATE ANIMAL DISASTER TEAMS
COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAMS (CERT):
The Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) Program educates people about disaster preparedness for hazards that may impact their area and trains them in basic disaster response skills, such as fire safety, light search and rescue, team organization, and disaster medical operations. Using the training learned in the classroom and during exercises, CERT members can assist others in their neighborhood or workplace following an event when professional responders are not immediately available to help.
▪ CERT, Citizens Emergency Response Teams
STATE ANIMAL RESPONSE TEAM (SART)
State Animal Response Teams (SART) are interagency organizations that prepare, plan, respond and recover during animal emergencies in the USA. SART is a public private partnership, joining government agencies with private concerns around a common goal of animal issues during disasters. SART programs train participants to facilitate a safe, environmentally sound and efficient response to animal emergencies on the local, county, state and federal level. Teams are organized under the auspices of state and local emergency management utilizing the principles of the Incident Command System (ICS).
▪ SART - State Animal Response Teams
COUNTY ANIMAL RESPONSE TEAM (CART)
An animal emergency plan for any community requires an understanding of hazards, vulnerabilities and resources. This equation can be used to define community risks:
Hazards + Consequences + Vulnerabilities = Risk
- Step 1: Identify Hazards in your community
Probability = How likely is event to occur in your community?
Potential Impact = What is the range of damage expected?
- Step 2: Assess Vulnerabilities
Identify how some of these vulnerability factors interact with the
threats listed above.
- Step 3: Identify five key risks
that your county needs to seriously consider when developing an
animal annex to the county emergency operations plan.
- Step 4: Resources
List groups in your county that could have primary or support roles with respect to animal emergency issues.
- Step 5: Actions
What categories of services or response actions will be needed
in your county from the above stakeholders to address issues
arising from the 5 threats listed?
- Step 6:
Action Plan
What specific actions need to be taken to develop a County Animal Response Team for your community and to work toward an animal annex to your county’s emergency operations plan?
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RESOURCES: LARGE ANIMAL RESCUE
Our disaster responders reflect a range of training in search and rescue, field first aid, vet care, crisis sheltering, fire and water rescue, large animal rescue, technical rescue, wildlife rehab… CLICK LINKS BELOW for training and certification related to Large Animal Rescue (LAR).
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RESOURCES: TECHNICAL ANIMAL RESCUE
CLICK LINKS BELOW for training and certification related to Technical Animal Rescue (TAR).
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RESOURCES: WATER, FLOOD, BOAT, ICE
SWIFTWATER RESCUE (also "whitewater rescue") is a subset of Technical Animal Rescue (TAR) with rope methods and mechanical advantage systems that adapt to added pressure of moving water. CLICK LINKS BELOW for training and certification related to Water Rescue.
SWIFTWATER TRAINING
BOAT HANDLING EXPERIENCE
ICE RESCUE
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RESOURCES: SEARCH-RESCUE • FIRE
CLICK LINKS BELOW for training and certification related to Search and Rescue (SAR) or Wildland Fire Training.
SAR TECH III
S 130-190 WILDLAND FIRE TRAINING
In USA wildland fire suppression, S-130/S-190 refers to the basic wildland fire training course required of all firefighters before they can work on the firelines.
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RESOURCES: MORE DISASTER TRAINING INFO
CLICK LINKS BELOW for more information resources.
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DISASTER ACRONYMS & DEFINITIONS
- AAHA: American Animal Hospital Association
- ACO: Animal Control Officer
- ACP: Access Control Point
- ADC: Animal Disaster Committee
- ADPAC: Animal Disaster Planning Advisory Committee
- AED: Automated External Defibrillator
- AERO: Animal Emergency Response Organization (USDA)
- ALERT: Automated Local Evaluation in Real Time
- ANAD: Anniston Army Depot
- ANS: Alert and Notification System
- APG: Aberdeen Proving Ground
- APHIS: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA)
- APPMA: American Pet Products Manufacturing Association
- AR: Animal Response
- ARC: American Red Cross
- ARDA: American Rescue Dog Association
- ARES: American Radio Emergency Service
- AVMA: American Veterinary Medical Association
- AVMF: American Veterinary Medical Foundation
BGAD: Blue Grass Army Depot
CAP: Civil Air Patrol
CART: County Animal Response Team
CB: Citizens Band
CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CEM: Certified Emergency Manager
CEO: Chief Executive Official
CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
CERT: Community Emergency Response Team
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations
CHEMTREC: Chemical Manufacturers’ Association
Chemical Transportation Emergency Center
COAD: County Organizations Active in Disaster
CPG: Civil Preparedness Guide
CPR: Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation
CSEPP: Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program
DART: Disaster Animal Response Team
DAT: Disaster Action Team (American Red Cross)
DFO: Disaster Field Office
DMAT: Disaster Medical Assistance Team
DOD: U.S. Department of Defense
DOE: U.S. Department of Energy
DOT: U.S. Department of Transportation
DRC: Disaster Recovery Center
DWI: Disaster Welfare Information
EAS: Emergency Alert System
ECL: Emergency Classification Level
EMA: Emergency Management Agency
EMAC: Emergency Management Assistance Compact
EMI: Emergency Management Institute
EMP: Electromagnetic Pulse
EMS: Emergency Medical Services
EOC: Emergency Operating Center
EOP: Emergency Operations Plan
EPA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
EPCRA: Emergency Planning/Community Right-to-Know
Act
EPG: Emergency Planning Guide
EPI: Emergency Public Information
EPZ: Emergency Planning Zone
ERT: Emergency Response Team
ERT-A: Emergency Response Team Advance Element
ERT-N: Emergency Response Team National
ESF: Emergency Support Function.
An aspect of a disaster or emergency response assigned to a particular agency for management. The National Response Plan (NPR) organizes tasks by ESF. (ESF #11 includes the animal response).
ESF #1 - Transportation
ESF #2 - Communications
ESF #3 - Public Works and Engineering
ESF #4 - Firefighting
ESF #5 - Emergency Management
ESF #6 - Mass Care, Housing, and Human Services
ESF #7 - Resource Support
ESF #8 - Public Health and Medical Service
ESF #9 - Urban Search and Rescue
ESF #10 - Oil and Hazardous Materials Response
ESF #11 - Agriculture and Natural Resources
ESF #12 - Energy
ESF #13 - Public Safety and Security
ESF #14 - Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation
ESF #15 - External Affairs
EST: Emergency Support Team
FAsT: Field Assessment Team
FCO: Federal Coordinating Officer
FEMA: Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHBM: Flood Hazard Boundary Map
FIA: Federal Insurance Administration
FIRM: Flood Insurance Rate Map
FIS: Flood Insurance Study
FOG: Field Operations Guide
FPEIS: Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement
FRERP: Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan
FRP: Federal Response Plan
GAR: Governor’s Authorized Representative
GIS: Geographic Information System
GPS: Global Positioning System
HAZMAT: Hazardous Material
HHS: US Department of Health and Human Services
HRCQ: Highway Route Controlled Quantity
HSUS: Humane Society of the United States
IAEM: International Association of Emergency Managers
IAP: Incident Action Plan
IC: Incident Commander
ICP: Incident Command Post
ICS: Incident Command System
IMS: Incident Management System (Incident Command System)
IRZ: Immediate Response Zone
IS: Independent Study (through FEMA)
JIC: Joint Information Center
JIS: Joint Information System
JNACC: Joint Nuclear Accident Coordinating Center
LAR: Large Animal Rescue
LEPC: Local Emergency Planning Committee
MOU: Memorandum of Understanding
MPH: Miles Per Hour
MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheet
NAAP: Newport Army Ammunition Plant
NACA: National Animal Control Association
NAHEMS: Nat’l Animal Health Emergency Management
System
NARSC: National Animal Rescue and Shelter Coalition
NASAR: National Association for Search and Rescue
NCAD: National Conference on Animals in Disaster
NCP: Nat’l Oil & Hazardous Substances Pollution
Contingency Plan
NDA: National Defense Area
N-DART: National Disaster Animal Response Team
NDMS: National Disaster Medical System
NEMA: National Emergency Management Association
NFA: National Fire Academy
NFIP: National Flood Insurance Program
NFPA: National Fire Protection Association
NGO: Non-Government Organization
NIFC: National Interagency Fire Center
NIMS: National Incident Management System
NOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NRC: Nuclear Regulatory Commission; Nat’l Response
Center
NRP: National Response Plan (was Federal Response
Plan)
NRT: National Response Team
NUREG: Nuclear Regulation
NVOAD: National Voluntary Organizations Active in
Disaster
NWS: National Weather Service
OPA: Oil Pollution Act
OSC: On-Scene Coordinator
OSHA: U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PA: Public Address
PAZ: Protective Action Zone
PBA: Pine Bluff Arsenal
PDA: Preliminary Damage Assessment
PIO: Public Information Officer
PL: Public Law
PPA: Performance Partnership Agreement
PUDA: Pueblo Depot Activity
PZ: Precautionary Zone
RACES: Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service
RAP: Radiological Assistance Program
REACT: Radio Emergency Associated Communication
Team
REP: Radiological Emergency Preparedness Program
ROC: Regional Operating Center
ROD: Record of Decision
RRP: Regional Response Plan
SAME: Specific Area Message Encoder
SARA: Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act
SART: State Animal (or Agricultural) Response Team
SCO: State Coordinating Officer
SEMA: State Emergency Management Agency
SERC: State Emergency Response Commission
SLG: State and Local Guide
SOP: Standard Operating Procedure
SORT: Special Operations Response Team
SOU: Statement of Understanding
SPCA: Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
TAR: Technical Animal Rescue
TEAD: Tooele Army Depot
UMDA: Umatilla Depot Activity
USDA: U.S. Department of Agriculture
USGS: U.S. Geological Survey
USAR: Urban Search and Rescue
VMAT: Veterinary Medical Assistance Teams
VOAD: Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster
WMD: Weapons of Mass Destruction
(Warfare Agents) CBRNE: Chemical, Biological,
Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive – warfare agents
USEFUL DISASTER TERMINOLOGY
AFTERSHOCKS: Lesser tremors which occur after an initial earthquake. These tremors can begin within minutes, hours, or days of initial shock, depending on severity of the quake.
BLIZZARD: An intense, severe snowstorm with sustained freezing winds of 35 miles per hour or more.
COASTAL FLOOD: Flooding in low-lying coastal areas from tropical or winter storms, combined with effects of tides, waves and wind. May cause extensive erosion and property damage. Flooding can occur even if storm generating floods is not a direct threat to affected area. Coastal residents should consult storm surge maps to determine risk to their property in event of coastal flooding.
CYCLONES: Violent tropical storms located in the southern hemisphere, with winds rotating in a clockwise direction and reaching a sustained speed of 74 mph or more near its center.
DISASTER: Any natural, technological, or civil event that causes injuries, deaths or property damage of sufficient magnitude to disrupt essential functions and services (i.e., water supply, electrical power, sanitation systems, roads, communication and hospitals) of a community. Smaller events may also be classified as disasters.
EMERGENCY: An event that causes injury or property damage beyond capability of victim(s) to handle without aid.
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT: Process of preparing for, mitigating, responding to, and recovering from an emergency or disaster.
EPICENTER: Location on the earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s first tremor (focus).
EYE (of a hurricane): Relatively calm area at center of the storm where winds are light and the sky may be clear. Intense storm conditions may be experienced 12 hours or longer before the eye actually makes landfall. When the eye passes, the winds come in the opposite direction.
FAULT/FAULT LINE: A fracture in the earth’s crust accompanied by displacement of the two sides of the fracture.
FLASH FLOOD: A flood with virtually no onset time. Swift floodwaters may pose a significant threat to lives and property due to inability to mitigate or evacuate. Generally caused by heavy rainfall or dam or levee failures.
FUJITA-PEARSON SCALE: A categorical method which indicates the intensity (wind-speed) of a tornado:
F0: Gale tornado — 40-72 mph
F1: Moderate tornado — 73-112 mph
F2: Significant tornado — 113-157 mph
F3: Severe tornado — 158-206 mph
F4:Devastating tornado — 207-260 mph
F5:Incredible tornado — 261-318 mph
F6:Inconceivable tornado — 319-379 mph
GALE: Winds with sustained speeds of 39 - 73 mph.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS: Any substance that has potential to cause damage to environment or population if released. Substances are usually identified as either flammable or combustible, explosive, toxic, noxious, corrosive, oxidizable, irritants or radioactive.
HURRICANE: A violent tropical storm located in the northern hemisphere, with winds rotating in a counter-clockwise direction and reaching a sustained speed of 74 miles per hour or more near its center. The size of the storm can range from 50 to 1000 miles in diameter and may be accompanied by coastal storm surge and inland flooding, heavy rains, severe lightning and tornadoes. See Saffir-Simpson Scale.
INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM: System to organize and coordinate the field response to an emergency or disaster.
MITIGATION: Process of planning and preparation for disaster prevention
or minimizing severity of its impact.
PREPAREDNESS: Activities to enhance abilities of people, communities, and businesses to better respond to a disaster.
PRIMARY AGENCY: Agency or organization assigned primary responsibility to manage and coordinate a specific ESF. Primary agencies are designated on basis of resources, capabilities or expertise relative to management of an ESF. Primary agencies are responsible for overall planning and coordination with their support agencies and other ESFs.
RECOVERY: Activities associated with orderly restoration and rehabilitation of persons and property affected by disasters.
RESPONSE: Activities during and after a disaster that use all systems, plans and resources necessary to adequately preserve the health, safety and welfare of victims and property affected by the disaster, with emphasis on meeting emergency needs and restoring essential community services.
RICHTER SCALE: An exponential scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake. (Because of the logarithmic basis of the scale, each whole number increase in magnitude represents a tenfold increase in measured amplitude.)
Less than 2.0/Micro: Micro earthquakes, not felt.
2.0-2.9/Very minor: Generally not felt, but recorded.
3.0-3.9/Minor: Often felt, but rarely causes damage.
4.0-4.9/Light: Indoor items shake, rattling noise. Like passing truck.
5.0-5.9/Moderate: Major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions; slight damage to well-designed buildings.
6.0-6.9/Strong: Destructive in populated areas up to 100 miles wide.
7.0-7.9/Major: Serious damage over larger areas.
8.0-8.9/Great: Serious damage in areas several 100 miles across.
9.0+/Rare Great: Devastating in areas several 1000 miles across.
SAFFIR-SIMPSON SCALE: Categorical method that indicates intensity (wind-speed) of a hurricane.
Category 1: Winds 74-95 mph (64-82 kt or 119-153 km/hr)
Category 2: Winds 96-110 mph (83-95 kt or 154-177 km/hr)
Category 3: Winds 111-130 mph (96-113 kt or 178-209 km/hr)
Category 4: Winds 131-155 mph (114-135 kt or 210-249 km/hr)
Category 5: Winds greater than 155 mph (135 kt or 249 km/hr)
SEVERE WEATHER: Strong thunderstorms, frequent lightning, gusts of high winds and heavy rainfall, usually associated with an identified weather system.
SEVERE WINTER STORMS: Heavy snow, ice, freezing rain, and winds with sustained speeds of less than 35 mph.
SQUALL/SQUALL LINE: Strong winds tied with thunderstorms that sustain peak speeds over period of two or more minutes, then decrease rapidly. Squall lines may precede intense storms.
STORM SURGE: A dome of water forced onto shore in advance of approaching intense storm. Combined with wind-driven wave action, a storm surge can be deadly and cause extensive property damage. Storm surges at high tide are of particular concern. Residents in surge areas should evacuate immediately when advised to do so.
SUPPORT AGENCY: Organization or agency designated to assist primary agency with available resources, capabilities, or expertise to accomplish mission of the ESF response and recovery operations under coordination of primary agency.
TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARD: A range of hazards emanating from manufacture, transportation, and use of hazardous materials, such as radioactive substances, chemicals explosives, flammables; pesticides, herbicides and disease agents; oil spills on land, coastal waters on inland water systems; and debris from space.
TORNADO: Violent, whirling windstorm that can reach 300 mph or more. Identified by a funnel-shaped cloud that progresses in a narrow path over land. A waterspout is a tornado that occurs over water.
TROPICAL STORM: A storm with sustained winds of 39 to 73 miles per hours. If the winds increase in speed to 74 mph, the storm is classified as a hurricane.
TSUNAMI: An ocean wave produced by a sub-marine earthquake, landslide, or volcanic eruption. These waves may reach enormous dimensions and have sufficient energy to travel across entire oceans.
TYPHOON: The term used for hurricanes east of the International Date Line (i.e., the western Pacific).
WEATHER ADVISORY: A regularly scheduled public news release issued by the National Weather Service providing details on a continuing weather event. Details include location, intensity, direction, and speed of movement of the event.
WARNING: Public news release issued by National Weather Service indicating that a severe weather event is taking place or is imminent (within 24 hours or less) in specified area. It is of utmost importance all precautionary measures and actions be taken immediately for the protection of life and property.
WATCH: National Weather Service public news release that advises conditions are present for possible development of a severe weather condition within specified area. Preliminary disaster preparations should begin immediately and television, radio, and/or weather alert radio should be monitored for additional information and updates.
SOURCE:
• FEMA SLG 101: Guide, All-Hazard Emergency Operations
• NDART Library
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